Without stepping on anyone’s toes, I think we can agree that “safety” could be broken down a bit. Memory safety, thread safety, fine… but there’s a whole forest past those trees. Is it a safety feature to type-check regular expressions using dependent types? Is Python a security vulnerability because the performance can be unpredictable? I don’t know. Rust, for that matter, doesn’t protect you from running out of mem…
Because people like making wild and provocative claims to motivate writing a paper for which the conclusion was already decided.
Anyone who has used, I dunno, any of programming languages that are being discussed has a more nuanced take, and isn't spending time trying to force all things into Box A or Box B.
Elixir/Erlang has a pleasant concurrency model. It does some things well, it does other things less well. It eliminates a big class of bugs, and yet you can still write bugs in Elixir.
These sorts of papers are a waste of space on the internet imo.