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Gravity Probe B

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Re: Gravity Probe B

#11

Post by dmurray »

btilly wrote: post #6
purplejacket wrote: post #4

Wikipedia: «At the time of their manufacture, the gyroscopes were the most nearly spherical objects ever made (two gyroscopes still hold that record, but third place has been taken by the silicon spheres made by the Avogadro project). Approximately the size of ping pong balls, they were perfectly round to within forty atoms (less than 10 nm). If one of these spheres were scaled to the size of the Earth, the tallest m…

We've never been up close, but the neutron star is probably smoother. A neutron star has a diameter of about 20km and surface irregularities are currently estimated at under 1 mm. (See https://www.livescience.com/millimeter-tall-neutron-star-mou... for verfication.) Scale that up to the Earth's diameter and irregularities are on the scale of 64 cm.

Are neutron stars spherical or do they tend to become oblate spheroids (even if perfectly smooth) because, like the Earth, they spin on an axis?

Re: Gravity Probe B

#12

Post by cbanek »

dmurray wrote: post #11
btilly wrote: post #6

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We've never been up close, but the neutron star is probably smoother. A neutron star has a diameter of about 20km and surface irregularities are currently estimated at under 1 mm. (See https://www.livescience.com/millimeter-tall-neutron-star-mou... for verfication.) Scale that up to the Earth's diameter and irregularities are on the scale of 64 cm.

Are neutron stars spherical or do they tend to become oblate spheroids (even if perfectly smooth) because, like the Earth, they spin on an axis?

I think they'd probably be spherical. They are super dense, so there's not much space between the atoms. That's what makes them dense and heavy. So imagine a bag of popcorn with all the little popcorn bits popping out at weird spots. Then take it and crush it in your hands to make a circle. It's still the same mass (weight), but now it's more dense since it's smaller. And as you squeeze the popcorn it sticks out less. That's mostly because you're squeezing the popcorn, and applying a force to drag things to the center. There's still gravity inside a star, so that's what gravity is doing. And the more dense it is, the more tightly packed, and so the gravity will keep it tightly together. So that's why I think it'd be spherical.

Re: Gravity Probe B

#13

Post by colechristensen »

dmurray wrote: post #11
btilly wrote: post #6

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We've never been up close, but the neutron star is probably smoother. A neutron star has a diameter of about 20km and surface irregularities are currently estimated at under 1 mm. (See https://www.livescience.com/millimeter-tall-neutron-star-mou... for verfication.) Scale that up to the Earth's diameter and irregularities are on the scale of 64 cm.

Are neutron stars spherical or do they tend to become oblate spheroids (even if perfectly smooth) because, like the Earth, they spin on an axis?

Yes magnetic fields and spin are expected to deform neutron stars slightly.

Re: Gravity Probe B

#14

Post by cbanek »

colechristensen wrote: post #13
dmurray wrote: post #11

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are neutron stars spherical or do they tend to become oblate spheroids (even if perfectly smooth) because, like the Earth, they spin on an axis?

Yes magnetic fields and spin are expected to deform neutron stars slightly.

Ah yes good point. I didn't take into account the rotation of a star in my answer around its axis. But yes you're right. And that's why the earth is also kind of a spheroid (squished sphere).

Einstein you crazy bastard, you were so ahead of your time. I wish we could have met. I think you're quite a Feynman, if you catch my meaning.

Re: Gravity Probe B

#15

Post by jackmott »

wcoenen wrote: post #10
akkartik wrote: post #9

"An unusual feature of the mission is that it only had a one-second launch window due to the precise orbit required by the experiment."

Instantaneous launch windows are not really that unusual. For example, all the missions to the International Space Station are like that. They launch when the launch point passes through the plane of the ISS orbit.

No post body was provided.

Re: Gravity Probe B

#17

Post by bmitc »

General relativity remains a marvel of abstract, intuitive thinking that has led to one of the most verified physical theories ever. I'm not sure there is any other theory that stands up to it in this regard. Other thoroughly verified theories, like the standard model, had an extremely tight iterative loop between theory and experiment during their development.
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