This challenge has almost nothing to do with Python.That's absolutely not true once you add the time limit.
As someone that never touches Python if I don't have to, I'd immediately get derailed for a few seconds (5?) guessing what arr[1:] means, then waste some time worrying about whether "if not arr" properly handles whatever it is that the awkward looking filter-without-using-the-word-filter clause spits back (does it return an empty list? null? does null evaluate to false in Python? how about an empty list? is the one-line fix to change that to "if arr.empty", or whatever is the Python equivalent?), etc.
That sort of stuff is not tough to figure out (especially if you make the assumption that this isn't just a Python-gotcha test), but it creates enough mental slowdown to someone that's not familiar with the language that it's at least a big factor.