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ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

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11–20 of 132 posts

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#11
post #3

Once again i'm amazed what ALSO has a processor in it. I'm wondering if at some point I'll just see it as normal that nearly every device, no matter how static it may seem, has more processing power than my first computer.

I think the insight is that designing and manufacturing bespoke silicon logic is much harder than slapping an off the shelf ARM core into a design.

Design is relatively easy. Manufacturing is the hard part.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#12

Once again i'm amazed what ALSO has a processor in it. I'm wondering if at some point I'll just see it as normal that nearly every device, no matter how static it may seem, has more processing power than my first computer.

Almost everything has at least an 8-bit MCU now. 32-bit MCUs are also extremely common now, and even simple ones like the ARM Cortex-M0 are competitive with a 286/386 (albeit with less memory / no MMU).

A rather surprising number of devices run very powerful application processors. An amusing example is Apple's Lightning to HDMI adapter, which has an ARM SoC with 256MB of RAM and boots a Darwin kernel in order to decode a H.264 compressed video protocol. Depending on what exactly they put into it (wouldn't be surprised if they borrowed the Apple TV chip for a relatively low-volume product like this) it may be more powerful than a fairly recent computer.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#13
Reading this makes me wonder whether there is a case of non-open hardware and software but forced open up Api. Using modular hardware the effort turned into various other components including Hp etc. Can private market survived with this. But at that same time if a few firm controlling all these can we be slave to these firms and countries. No good answer.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#14
post #10
post #9

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Nothing mind blowing. Processor is cheaper than building analog circuitry. Think about your toothbrush. All important timing parameters are configured digitally and you can easily change it. You can technically do the same with resonators but it would take much more board space, be less precise, require inductors which you want to avoid in the circuit, etc.

You still need to provide the cpu with a clock signal though.

No, not really. The STM32s I use (I mainly work with Cortex-M4) have internal resonators that are enough for just about anything unless you need precise timing. Certainly good enough for toothbrush.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Pretty much every microSD card has had an ARM cpu core in it since forever. The Bluetooth radio chip in your phone and the RF chip in your car's key fob already have multicore CPUs inside. Even your optical mouse has a multicore CPU in it to handle image processing and translate the optical feed into motion packaged into USB HID frames. Your fast phone charger has a CPU in it to monitor and negociate power delivery t…

Pretty much every microSD card has had an ARM cpu core in it since forever A lot of them use 8051, presumably because it's cheaper and smaller: https://www.bunniestudios.com/blog/?p=3554

I've worked with TI BLE chips which were 8051 variants. Took me back to original CS classes as it is a very simple core with limited registers but can still be used to perform all the bluetooth functions.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#16
post #10
post #9

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Nothing mind blowing. Processor is cheaper than building analog circuitry. Think about your toothbrush. All important timing parameters are configured digitally and you can easily change it. You can technically do the same with resonators but it would take much more board space, be less precise, require inductors which you want to avoid in the circuit, etc.

You still need to provide the cpu with a clock signal though.

The parallax propeller has an on-chip RC oscillator. For obvious reasons it can only be used in low clocked scenarios, but many simple human interface applications are fine with this. The propeller is not a very common MCU, but it is fun to work with and has many technical merits.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#17

Once again i'm amazed what ALSO has a processor in it. I'm wondering if at some point I'll just see it as normal that nearly every device, no matter how static it may seem, has more processing power than my first computer.

I'll start freaking out when radios start appearing in places like this.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#18
post #9
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

This fascinates me. Is there a website anywhere that is collecting these sorts of use cases? It seems truly mind blowing something as simple as an electric toothbrush would have a processor in it.

Nothing mind blowing. Processor is cheaper than building analog circuitry. Think about your toothbrush. All important timing parameters are configured digitally and you can easily change it. You can technically do the same with resonators but it would take much more board space, be less precise, require inductors which you want to avoid in the circuit, etc.

And cheaper/more flexible than custom digital circuitry too. Even if something is large-scale enough to justify a custom chip, that'll often be some components around a mask-programmed 8051 clone. straight-forward, well-understood, relatively easy to make variations by just changing the program.

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#19
post #17

Once again i'm amazed what ALSO has a processor in it. I'm wondering if at some point I'll just see it as normal that nearly every device, no matter how static it may seem, has more processing power than my first computer.

I'll start freaking out when radios start appearing in places like this.

The real problem I see is when IoT crap starts getting 4/5g modems with their own network plans so they can spy on you even while not connected to wifi

Re: ACE: Apple Type-C Port Controller Secrets

#20
What bothers me, is the prevalence of counterfeit and just plain bad-quality, cheap chips.

These become so low-cost that corporate buyers pretty much have no choice, but to use them.

The result, is things like expensive Bluetooth headsets, crapping out, after a year. I have been through quite a few.

I/O ports see a lot of use (even virtual ones). Those are some of the hardest-working chips in a device. Not a good place for cheap dross; but they are also present in almost every device out there. Lots of money to be made.

To give Apple credit, I think they are fairly serious about keeping the quality of their internals up to snuff.

> cursed looking trampolines

I like that.

BTW: I do think this is an awesome write-up, and things like it, are why I like this place.

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