Earlier quoted context omitted.
There's a control group in the form of Europe where overdoses are an order of magnitude lower and have remained relatively stable over the last 10 years at least.
I had a medical issue with incredible pain in France, I have not been given an addictive pain killer, they started with the most common (Tylenol), then went one notch up (Acupan) when it became ineffective (I think I am very receptive because I rarely take medicines). But doctors have to be willing to spend the time to follow the patient and do the gradation instead of going straight for the strongest thing in the to…
I know in the U.S. addicts/dealers will sometimes go "doctor shopping"[1]. Most U.S. doctors don't track or even realize when a chronic pain patient (or any patient, for that matter) doesn't follow up and a doctor wouldn't typically be told if a patient decided to seek treatment from another physician.
I would guess "doctor shopping" would be more difficult in France under the single-payer healthcare system? Do you mind explaining how your system works? Is it difficult to change doctors? Or to get a second opinion? If a patient doesn't follow-up with the doctor will someone from the doctor's office check in?