Seems like a decent overview of the technical aspects. But doesn't it miss something important: whence cometh the value? Why would I, or anyone, actually want to own Bitcoins?
Value is determined by what others will pay, as in any market. But additionally, the hard-coded long-term decreasing rate of production imposes deflationary bias. That manifests as underlying exponential price increase, with various speculative bubbles superimposed.
Yes, assuming that others will pay for it. And perhaps an increasing number of productive individuals will. But that just pushes the question back one step. Why do those other people want to own Bitcoins? You see the infinite regress problem here?
(With fiat currency, there's a finite regress. It terminates with specific facts like historical government actions, gold, taxes.)