Similar searching behaviour is supported in all major browsers including Safari: Press CMD + L and enter the name of a Tab. One of the results will be an option to switch to an open tab. In Safari, CMD + UP/Down jumps between sections, so that usually selects the "Switch to Tab" option.
Can also press either cmd backslash or cmd shift backslash (Idr which and I'm not at my computer rn) to get a more or less useless tab overview, and then cmd F for your tab.
I wish Apple developed this more and made it completely driven by shortcuts.