While not as good as a proper refresh, you can use alternating black and white drawing to help clear an area of the screen.
AFAIU, some drivers offer partial screen refreshes, such that a local repaint only refreshes that specific region of the screen. This can still be garish, but should be less annoying than some other options.
Yet another option is to use fixed-width or multi-element fonts such that updates to, say, numeric or text values only alternate set blocks of pixels. Say, a seven-element numeric display. Standard segment displays are 7, 9, 14, and 16 segments: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segment_display>.
A fixed-width font (e.g., Courier) is slightly less clean, but ghosting is restricted to the area of character elements. I've found that even fairly rapidly-scrolling terminal usage on e-ink is tolerable on account of this.