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Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

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Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#81

What I'm about to say might be controversial. It goes against the grain of the 'Look at me I'm so frugal' meme/arms race here on HN. The financial crash of 08/09 left such a bad taste in my mouth (as in I lost many tens of thousands of dollars) that I have completely lost faith in the stock market and anything associated with it such as ETFs, mutual funds, 401k, etc. Getting a 'real' job and putting money into my ret…

Your time horizon is too short. If you had left your money where it was instead of taking it out at the first sign of danger then it's likely you would have made it all back by now. There's a lot of volatility in the stock market (that's why the returns are higher than savings, money markets, etc), but the spikes and dips average out if you're thinking in terms of decades and not months.

That's not to say that your startup isn't a better investment, though.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#82
I'm in college, I have a Roth IRA that I set up using the money from my internship last summer. I use Sharebuilder, you can get trades for $4 a share. When I get a job I'm gonna max my 401k and Roth IRA each year, no question.

My investment philosophy comes more or less from this interview: http://www.kirkreport.info/2009/03/qa-with-less-antman.html

I only own 3 ETF's - 50% VT, 20% RWO and 30% PCRDX. I'm investing for the super long run and think of stock downturns as a great time to buy more shares.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#83
Warren Buffet's rules of investing: 1) Never lose money. 2) See rule #1.

I use municipal bonds to immunize my expenses (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunization_%28finance%29). Municipal bonds (affectionately called "munis") are not subject to federal income tax because of a Supreme Court decision in the 1890s. Most states also exempt the interest on their own municipal bonds from their own income tax (of course, if you're in a state with no income tax like TX, then that's not really a problem). Furthermore, some states (like California) are constitutionally obligated to pay the interest on bonds before they allocate money to the the state's general funds.

My immunization strategy is simple: for every $10,000 I put into munis, I get anywhere between $40-50/month (average return on capital is in the 5-6% range these days) in passive income. Keep in mind that since this is not taxed, this translates to a pre-tax rate of return that's closer to 6.94%-8.33%, assuming a federal tax bracket of 28%; in reality it's a lot more because of FICA and state income taxes.

For long term growth and in tax-advantaged accounts, I use zero-coupon munis. Yes, being in a tax-advantaged account diminishes the allure of munis, but some of those bonds are now paying in the 7.5%-8.5% range.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#84
post #74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I do the same with my Roth principle. But it's worth mentioning that, when you roll a 401k into a Roth you owe taxes on it. And if you have to take a portion of that 401k principle to pay the taxes, you'd almost certainly be better off keeping it int he 401k. Also, if you imagine you'll have the same tax rate now as you will at retirement, there's no advantage to a roth. Whether you prepay taxes or defer them, it's a…

Oh right. When you rollover, you pay normal income taxes on it. My big point was that if I have a year where I have minimal income, normal income taxes are going to be so low that rolling it over makes a ton of sense. I doubt I'll ever have a lower tax rate than in a year with very little income.

Yeah mostly I was expanding for the benefit of readers. I like your plan.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#86
post #9

Most of my money goes into a high yield savings account to survive with no income for a while (trying to get 18 months in there!). I do fund an IRA, my employer 401k (to get the most matching), and two Roth IRAs though. The investments in those are relatively conservative, I consider investing in my own products to be my "high risk, high gain" strategy. Roth IRAs are great, you can take the principle out at any time…

This is great advice. You can read a ton about passive investing over at Bogleheads, how to maximize the returns on your index funds, the proper bond allocations, etc.

It's actually quite amazing to me that a lot of geeks who would spend literally hundreds of hours researching esoteric technical knowledge on the Internet, won't spend at least a few hours researching how to setup their retirement accounts. With life expectancies on the increase, we can reasonably expect to live 1/3rd or more of our life in retirement. Wouldn't you want to make sure you had enough money to do this?

Also, for someone with an entrepreneurial streak, wouldn't it be nice to "retire early" in your 50s and have the luxury of a steady income while starting a new business? This is ideal - imagine being a founder and not having to worry about paying for food or housing.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#87
I paid off bad debt (no income from loan's purpose), stashed some in precious metals (hedge against fiat currency), and am now learning to acquire real estate income properties (rentals) for another revenue source for my excess cash.

My personal opinion is that most stocks are over-valued, and my confidence is low in most of our current central banks. But hey, that's just based on my value system, your mileage may vary.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#88
I am kind of shocked by the uniformity of answers here, so I will add a dissenting voice.

In the current economic climate, it is pretty much a waste "investing" in anything until you have, say, an 8-figure sum in cash laying around doing nothing. I don't have that, so I am not bothering with "investing". I put "investing" in quotes because I feel the word tends to be perversely used; people really mean speculation, that is, gambling with negligible effects in terms of real-world wealth creation, but the gambling happens on such a huge scale that it distorts market prices hugely. Real investing is when you put money directly into something in order to enable the creation of something that wouldn't have been possible without your capital (as the YC folks do).

Stocks are terrible. If you look at market histories, corrected for inflation (actual inflation, not government-reported inflation, which is always understated, as the government benefits by understating it -- so normalize against something like an alternative inflation index or else straight-up commodities) then the S&P, DJIA, etc have actually not grown in 15 years. 15 years!! I know all of the "just buy an index fund" seems like good advice -- and it did used to be -- but in modern conditions that is no longer true. On top of this fact, pile on the risk of another market crash due to the USA's still-precarious economic situation, and stocks are clearly just not worth being in. (People are starting to realize this; there have been net outflows from equities most of the time for the past 40 weeks, and insider-selling-to-buying ratios are consistently huge.)

You can put money in bonds, but then it is locked up and you have a lot of inflation risk, so then you'd be aiming at short-term bonds, which are going to yield less.

Really what has happened is that US economic policy has become very hostile toward people who are responsible and save money, as an incidental effect of the desire to stimulate consumption (which mainly means taking on more debt and keeping rates tremendously low because if they ever become not-low now, debt burden is going to crush the economy.)

The upshot is that you are better off taking the mental energy you would have expended on "investing" and subsequently worrying about your money, and instead funneling it into your creative endeavors. You will make more money that way, especially when you take a long-term view. (Think about Einstein and the story about him having a closet of identical suits; except what I am talking about here is way less extreme and way more obvious.)

I have a rant about how peoples' "investing" according to the modern American model is actively making the world a much worse place than it ought to be, but this post is already long enough.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#89
post #53

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I know your comment was all in dollars and this is probably generally an American topic. But regarding number 2, in England a student loan is the lowest interest loan you will likely ever get, so it's naive to pay it off in bulk; you might need to take out a real loan one day so keep the money, and even in today's climate you can probably put that money to good use.

That goes likewise for his "pay off your mortgage" advice. If your note is 4.5% and here in the US mortgage interest is tax deductable making your nominal interest rate even lower. So the calculation becomes... paying off that mortgage is like getting a guaranteed 4% return on your money. But there are many low-risk vehicles that can eclipse that. It's possible that you'd want to take that guaranteed 4%, but it's not…

The discount to your mortgage is often quite small since you shouldn't count the entire mortgage interest write-off as a discount, only the amount above the standard deduction. Also, this discount will shrink over time as your interest payments shrink and the standard deduction rises.

Re: Ask HN: What kind of personal financial investment do you do?

#90

What I'm about to say might be controversial. It goes against the grain of the 'Look at me I'm so frugal' meme/arms race here on HN. The financial crash of 08/09 left such a bad taste in my mouth (as in I lost many tens of thousands of dollars) that I have completely lost faith in the stock market and anything associated with it such as ETFs, mutual funds, 401k, etc. Getting a 'real' job and putting money into my ret…

Your time horizon is too short. If you had left your money where it was instead of taking it out at the first sign of danger then it's likely you would have made it all back by now. There's a lot of volatility in the stock market (that's why the returns are higher than savings, money markets, etc), but the spikes and dips average out if you're thinking in terms of decades and not months. That's not to say that your s…

> Your time horizon is too short

That's not really the point, I think the point is that I shouldn't have been investing in something that could evaporate on paper in 3 months.

Either way, yes, the point is I'm a terrible equities/retirement investor and a better small business person. Everyone here has excellent reading comprehension, as I would expect on HN.

> That's not to say that your startup isn't a better investment, though.

I didn't sell at the first sign of danger (first of all - selling at the first sign of danger would have been a GOOD idea, but my father, the successful older investor, told me to hold on as it crashed.). I sold after the market had come back by around 60-70% from the lows. That was good enough for me, especially since another 'double dip' was a very real possibility in the beginning of 2010.

If I had sold at the bottom I would have lost nearly everything. But I finally liquidated after my startup was consistently making money and I actually wanted the cash to put back into the business / spend.

Keep in mind I was never broke - I just had a large proportion disappear for a while. That drove me to do 'smarter' things with it after some of it came back.

Having said all that, "You should have held on to it" is standard 20/20 hindsight that makes a market crash sound so predictable. I think I had pretty good forward-sight given the situation.

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