Thanks for these ideas, all! I like the approach of using the browser console and source inspector, though that has the problem that everything gets reset if you reload -- there's not really a way to save your work or see the js code you're building up in one place. So I don't think I'll ONLY do that.

Doing JavaScript in a jsbin-type environment seems like a good way to go. I think it would also be good to show them how to post a simple bootstrap page online. Maybe I could:

start them in jsbin with a minimal HTML page with no styling (10 min)

Have them add a few elements; Point them to a cheat sheet of commonly used tags (10 min)

Add Bootstrap and jquery; talk about how programmers rely heavily on each others existing work (5 min)

Make something neat using bootstrap, like a drop-down menu (15 min)

Show them how to post it online... Maybe using one of those super simple drag and drop hosting demo sites, maybe using GitHub pages, maybe just using jsbin's static urls (5 min, using jsbin)

Make a text input and have it do something cool like simultaneously change the headline of the page (15 min)

Show them you can inspect and tweak your page (10 min)

Show them you can do the same with nytimes.com; tweak headlines and styles (10 min)

Give them a very simple program in C that inefficiently sorts a random array with a size that is set in a variable and prints out the result (10 min)

Show them how to compile, and look at the resulting binary; talk about the levels of abstraction a computer has (10 min)

Run the binary. Then try various sizes of array and run them, and report back. Have students organically discover the importance of time complexity. (15 min)

Explain that part of programming is thinking about the architecture of the algorithms, edge cases and scaling and how a program performs when unexpected situations are thrown at it. (5 min)

Explain that most of the apps and programs that use everyday or basically no different than the programs they just wrote, just a lot longer! (5 min)

Total: just under 2 hours.

Overly ambitious? :)