We don't know that Signal doesn't store data about users on its servers. Even the source code can't tell us that, because we don't run the servers. What we do know is that programs like Telegram have to store data about users on their servers, by design. A big difference between the two projects is that Signal is carefully designed to minimize the amount of data the service needs to operate; it's why identifiers are…
We don't really know it, but there is some assurance the server is running the code they say it is because of Intel SGX. https://signal.org/blog/private-contact-discovery/
It protects signal from hackers or a malicious datacenter provider at best.