Earlier quoted context omitted.
Going through the bibliography of other people's papers and theses, looking for papers that you better cite "for good luck", or because "you gotta cite that one" is a classic PhD student behavior (I've done it) and it's not terribly surprising that something like this can happen. In fact I'd expect it to be much more widespread...
Funny, in my high school literature class I clearly remember being chastised for having sources in my works cited; but not warranting their inclusion with an actual reference in the work. It's kind of wild that LLMs and other models/sequences will be able to quickly suss out which papers have high levels of referential integrity.
The problem with this, as I see it IMO, is that there could be references that are cited due to their influence on the thought process/writing process of the work - thus citing them gives contextual zeitgeist - and this is something that AI would not be able to muster...
SO a LACK of referential integrity should show that it is written by a human as opposed to an AI.