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A retiree and a person during a weekend are not even close to the same. For one, the econometrists have no problem distinguishing them, because they don't look the same at all. I c…

If those workers receive pay from somebody else than their employer to do that, one might count them, but I don't know any countries where they do. I don't think there are economic…

Because without an income people tend to not live for very long and that idea makes people uncomfortable? I had not considered that. "Wage to live on" is perhaps a more euphonic tr…

"Loon" is Dutch for wage. A loan would be "lening", even though "loon" and loan sound exactly the same.

Absolutely. Do note that in the US (and loads of countries) people save for their own retirement, whereas in Belgium the government pays the retirement in a "workers today pay reti…

If you adjust for all ways people receive minimum income benefits, not just the 'final resort' one, you get > In Belgium, roughly 4.35 million adults (aged 18 and older) are not wo…

> if you had that system, we have no idea whether or not the masses will be content enough to stay sane and peaceful. Belgium, the Netherlands and a lot of European countries, have…

Different people have different susceptibilities to getting addicted. And once addicted different people have different amount of brainspace left in their life to quit addictions, …

For many people, it is the other way around. It is very remarkable that there is a bird, which looks so much like a big version of this butterfly! After all, in Europe these butter…

Those other parties all declined to compete in this by-election. They want Farage to stand to the rule of law on his corruption, and not endorse this procedural manoeuvre. The timi…

"Ethnic Chinese" is a term covering 1.45 billion people. I don't even know where one would find a definition for "ethnic English", but if you take the NHS' "ethnic British" which r…

A datapoint that points to the contrary: - Singapore pre-1965 was a low trust, racist society. The tensions were so bad that in 1964 there were racial riots. - Today, after a lot o…

I reckon Paul only claims to have created the webpage titled 'Triple Dragon Fractal'.

I fact checked: Chomsky has never been on Epstein's island.

In the OECD data averaged here, I reckon this chemo therapy is counted as sick leave. On a first search, the metric seemed to be defined as "(compensated) absenteeism from work due…

I probably get there, but I have young kids. But yes, these are averages between 1 person having 12 weeks and 12 people with 1 week. It's most likely power law distributed, so the …

My portable CO2 monitor goes off. You can set a levels of warning on the aranet. It is a very quiet, non-disruptive alarm, but an alarm nonetheless. I agree with OP. I don't always…

The UK did not ban AC. Don't read the Telegraph, and if you do, don't trust it. Source: I live there

Well if it was the data that was copied, nobody would be using LLMs. The data-generating process is the thing that would be copied. That's why we do appreciate the nth artist makin…

Right, and what happens at that limit is most exciting! A model that has a cross entropy at that limit for a data stream of text, produces a stream of text that is both theoretical…

> for LLMs, because in practice floating point inaccuracies (in particular after exponentiation) prevent values from being exactly equal. In one thinking trace of 10k tokens, with …

If RL was used to train the model, the model will have been trained on its own sequences. Those will have been generated with a temperature of 1.0. They must be, otherwise you woul…

Actually, Google's TPUs are also deterministic!

> Look at the softmax function and take the limit as T->0. It becomes a dirac-delta function. In pure math, it does not always do that. It becomes a dirac-delta comb with equal wei…

> so in principle, setting temperature to 0 _should_ result in deterministic outputs It is a common misconception, but it is not true even in principle. If I have 2 or more logits …